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I, Cringely - The Pulpit DECEMBER 18, 1997 Christmas in Tokyo

You've got to wait patiently for it, though the lead up is quite humorous and an interesting read in its own right, but in the last 3 to 4 paragraphs the famed I, Cringely sings the praises of GeoWorks noting

"...the company now known as Geoworks had the audacity to ship a direct competitor to Windows...Geoworks was so good that of course, it had to die."

He also mentions what most consider to be the best DOS platform for GeoWorks (DR-DOS/Caldera DOS). 

Reprinted with the enthusiastic permission of Bob Cringely.

----------

I, Cringely - The Pulpit DECEMBER 18, 1997 Christmas in Tokyo:

Being 6,000 miles from my Mom's Jell-O salad and other reasons I am grateful during this holiday season By Robert X. There are moments in life, at least in my life, that qualify as surreal. This is such a moment. I am writing this column in my room at the Westin Tokyo Hotel, which is less than 100 meters from the Sapporo Beer Museum.

A few minutes ago I walked through the hotel lobby, which was decorated for Christmas and filled with little Japanese schoolgirls playing Christmas songs by ringing bells. Christmas is everywhere here, but it feels like the Carnival celebration in San Francisco: It's a chance to dress up and pretend to be something you are not. Not that America has any particular dibs on the birth of Christ, who as I last recall, was neither a Methodist nor a member of the National Rifle Association.

Having survived the lobby and the little girls with their bells, I now have running in the background another surreal experience. It's my favorite Japanese TV show -- Iron Chef. Iron Chef is a hugely popular Japanese variety/cooking show of sorts. Known here as "Ryori no Tetsujin" (cooking iron man), you can occasionally find it on obscure cable channels in the U.S. The appeal of the show lies in its campy production style that harnesses all of MC Kaga Takeshi's dramatic and flamboyant knack for presentation (once described as "Liberace on speed").

It's incredibly wacky and lots of fun. Iron Chef is Monday Night Football meets Julia Child. The show centers around a battle between two prominent chefs, one being an iron chef (who represents the finest of a specific cuisine) and the other a challenger from some rival culinary faction. The two chefs are presented with a mystery ingredient, which tonight is pineapple. After seeing their theme ingredient, they have one hour to whip up a multi-course menu that utilizes this ingredient, a veritable extravaganza of pineapple, which seems this evening to be working to the disadvantage of the challenger, a Cajun cook. Blackened pineapple doesn't work for me.

The Monday Night Football aspect of the show comes from the commentators, who discuss the dishes being made during the hour. There are usually three or four commentators in the box and a sidelines reporter interviewing the chefs in the kitchen stadium. There are instant replays of cool culinary maneuvers and even statistics for the last five battles the iron chefs have fought. Why PBS hasn't leapt on this program theme, I'll never know. Finally, a group of judges tastes the dishes and offers commentary before a vote is cast. The loser is disgraced on national television. It is a riot.

Now back to Christmas. This has been a good year for me and I have a lot to be thankful for. While most of my thanks is directed straight at you, my readers, I have isolated a handful of companies and people to especially thank. These are outfits that have made your life and mine better just by their existence. They are among the many companies that help keep Microsoft and Intel on their toes.

First there is Steve Jobs and Apple, who have given me 10 years of column material with no relief in sight. Here's hoping Apple sees 1999.

Second, I salute Integrated Device Technology, whose Centaur Technology division is responsible for the new Winchip C-6, the cheapest Pentium-compatible processor in the world. This is the chip that will make $500 PCs a reality.

It was designed by a team in Austin, Texas, led by Glenn Henry. Thirty engineers designed a Pentium-compatible processor in less than a year. Wait a minute! Isn't a Pentium-class chip supposed to take several hundred engineers three years to design? Not when the team is led by Henry, who has been talking about this particular design for years and years. He worked at MIPs and they wouldn't let him build it. Before that he worked at Dell and they wouldn't let him build it. Before that he worked at IBM and they wouldn't let him build it. Now it's finished, and look who was right all along! The Winchip C-6 is small, simple and fast. It's what the world needs more of. Imagine if IBM had built this thing five years ago. They could have.

Third on my list of heroes is Caldera. These refugees from Novell sell several products, including a very nice version of Linux (OpenLinux), what used to be the Netware Lite peer-to-peer network operating system, OpenDOS (formerly DR-DOS and Novell DOS 7), and a Web browser called Webspyder 32. There are two things that make Caldera heroic. First, they have preserved DOS for those who still want it. There is no more MS-DOS unless you buy a copy of Windows 96 and disable the GUI part, so all we command line jockeys have left is IBM DOS and OpenDOS.

The second reason Caldera is heroic is for the way they distribute and market their products. They are interested in corporate and site licenses -- volume sales -- so nearly all of Caldera's products are available for individual downloads FOR FREE. Want a copy of the latest DOS? It's free! Not only is it free, but it is a full 32-bit version that includes preemptive multitasking.

OpenDOS is MS-DOS on steroids. Throw in Webspyder 32, a 32-bit web browser specifically intended for OpenDOS computers, and you have the fastest, most powerful, most memory-efficient Internet computer around. Or use OpenLinux with the new WABI 2.2 front-end (another free download) and run most Windows applications faster than Windows WITHOUT Windows. I love these folks!

Finally, I am thankful for Brother and Geoworks for building the GeoBook. In the late 1980s, the company now known as Geoworks had the audacity to ship a direct competitor to Windows. Geoworks was then the name of the product and it was better than Windows, offering several powerful integrated applications.

Geoworks ran faster on an 8086 than did Windows on an 80286. Geoworks somehow pasted real multitasking on top of single-tasking DOS (this is not unheard of: MachTen is a multitasking Unix that runs on top of the single-tasking MacOS).

Geoworks was so good that of course, it had to die.

Now, after several years of hiding-out in pen computers and pocket organizers, Geoworks is back as the operating system inside the El Cheapo Brother Geobook, a $699 notebook that does all most people really need a notebook to do. Only don't call it a computer, because it's a "notebook style computing device." I guess not calling it a PC might keep Microsoft from sending death squads. Whatever they call it, I am buying one for my Mom.

Merry Christmas, Mom.

Sayonara.

Source:

http://www.pbs.org/cringely/pulpit/1997/pulpit_19971218_000554.html

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msdos5

PC Authority

Top 10 best releases from Microsoft

by Iain Thomson on Oct 26, 2009

The company promises that Windows 7 will be the best version of its operating system yet, critical acclaim has often eluded Redmond. We've decided to count down the ten best products ever to come out of Redmond, from DOS 5 to Flight Simulator and NT 4.0

The company promises that Windows 7 will be the best version of its operating system yet, and Microsoft hopes that the release will go much further than its predecessor, Windows Vista. One can only hope so since Vista was such a poor example of what could be done.

Whether Windows 7 does go down as one of Microsoft's best remains to be seen, which is why you won't see it on this list. While some of us have high hopes for the operating system the old rule that you never buy version one of any Microsoft code holds true. We have yet to see what pitfalls the new operating system has, and they will only become apparent once widespread adoption kicks in.

Here DOS 5 (an excellent host for GeoWorks and Breadbox Ensemble) ranks number 6 on the list. To see the complete article see the end of this post.

6. DOS 5

Iain Thomson: In the beginning was the command line wrote Neal Stephenson and he was right. For most of us the computer revolution began with a command line interface and DOS 5 was, to my mind, the best of breed in getting things done.

Geeks tend to like adages, particularly ones that seem to be true. For example, every odd numbered Star Trek film is rubbish, something which held true until the current version came out. Similarly every odd numbered James Bond was dire (David Niven, George Lazenby, Timothy Dalton) until Daniel Craig came along.

Microsoft's DOS was a similar pattern, you never buy an even numbered DOS product. DOS 2 was rubbish, DOS 4 laden with bugs and while DOS 6 was actually rather good it was very much an interim attempt until Windows came along.

But for me DOS 5 was the pinnacle of command line computing from Microsoft. It was a lean, mean operating system and would respect the geek using it. Even after Windows 95 came out I'd still resort to the DOS framework if things went wrong. That said, the message "Data error reading Drive C" still makes me flinch.

Shaun Nichols: These days command-line interfaces are stuff of IT admins and hard-core power users. The overwhelming majority of users exist in worlds far insulated from the command line layer. There are, however, some instances in which command lines can be of great use, and once in a while I do get nostalgic for a time when you could simply type in a command rather than click through endless layers of dialogue boxes and fields of folders.

To that end, DOS 5 was a pretty decent system. At a time when pretty visuals and shimmery icons were far removed from operating a computer, it provided a great way for users to navigate their systems without tons of errors or needless confirmation messages.

The transition from command-line to GUI systems didn't happen overnight either. Many users preferred the no-nonsense styling of DOS to early incarnations of Windows, and as recently as Windows 98 I remember friends who would often prefer to use the command line rather than wade through the clumsy graphical interface.

Copyright © 2009 v3.co.uk

Source: http://www.pcauthority.com.au/News/158999,top-10-best-releases-from-microsoft.aspx

gworks

From Compute! Issue 128 / April 1991 / Page 30

GeoWorks Ensemble: the hot little GUI that can - and will - win your heart with powerful utilities, attractive displays, and multiskating. (software graphical user interface) (evaluation)

by Howard Millman

In fairy tales the good guys in variably triumph. Recall, for instance, the fable about the little engine that hauled a line of freight cars up the mountainside and seemingly accomplished the impossible.

GeoWorks' GEOS (Graphical Environment Operating System) may prove the modern equivalent of that fable. Facing an uphill struggle as it tries to penetrate a filed now dominated by Microsoft Windows, GEOS hopes to deliver the GUI goodies to the sizable market segment Microsoft seems to have overlooked.

Skinny Minimal

GEOS's minimum hardware requirements are indeed minimal. It operates on any PC-compatible computer system, including hard disk-equipped XTs with 512K of RAM, a mouse, and a monochrome or color graphics monitor. Estimates of the total number of XTs and 286s that can't do Windows right (Windows 3.0 was designed primarily for 80386-based computers) range as high as 20 million. GEOS may inherit this enormous market - providing that it survives. Considering the potential threat it poses to Windows, you have to wonder whether this kernel will take root and grow or wither in Microsoft's long, dark shadow.

The presence of expanded or extended memory will speed up disk-intensive operations, as will a fast hard disk (28 ms or less access time). Since GeoWorks Ensemble (the collection of programs and utilities GeoWorks has released to introduce the GEOS operating system) adheres to a standard known as Motif, its display screens comply with the Open Software Foundation's suggested standards for graphic interfaces. When compared with the Windows 3.0 interface, OSF/Motif's interface looks crisper, clearer.

Booting in its default configuration, GeoWorks Ensemble ($195 list, $150 street price) greets you with an inviting welcome screen that offers three large icons labeled Appliances, Professional, and DOS Programs.

Clicking on Appliances summons four deliberately innocent-looking software appliances: a standard (non-scientific) calculator, a Rolodex-like address book (with a built-in phone dialer), a handy calendar/date planner, and a notepad. No one requires detailed instructions on how to use a Rolodex or a calculator, so anyone can learn how to use these appliances within minutes.

The DOS Program button (naturally) leads to DOS. By default, this path guides you to only one destination - the DOS C> prompt. GeoWorks, however, enables you to subsequently set up your own selection of buttons, complete with representational icons, to launch BAT, COM, or EXE applications.

Working on a Professional Level

Clicking on the Professional button takes you to a screen that contains nine GEOS-specific programs including a word processor, a file manager, two telecommunications modules, and a draw program. These applications run in GEOS-supervised windows. The windows can be resized, minimized (collapsed to an icon), maximized (expanded to full screen), or moved by dragging the title bar with the mouse. Some windows elements, such as icons, can be dragged around to suit your preferences (or level of hostility).

Commands are selected with the mouse from GEOS's cascading (dropdown) menus. Most of the common commands have shortcut keys (usually a combination of Alt or Ctrl plus a mnemonic alpha key).

GeoWorks Ensemble's windows offer the expected complement of GUI features. Scroll bars and arrows in the right margin scroll the text up and down smoothly or screen by screen. Maximize and minimize buttons duplicate menu selections to expand or reduce the screen. With more than one window onscreen, you can switch between them by clicking inside of the window you want active. And finally, GEOS's omnipresent Express button provides a shortcut to switch between applications without first returning to a central file manager.

GeoWorks Ensemble employs preemptive multitasking (also called time slicing) to run multiple GEOS-specific applications in the background. GEOS prioritizes the running applications and then apportions time from the computer system's single CPU (whether the CPU is an 8088, 8086, 80286, 80386, or 80486) to all applications in the queue. This makes for fast, efficient multitasking.

Built-In Applications

The GEOS operating system could do little but promise without GeoWorks Ensemble, a built-in suite of applications. After you've put them through the hoops, however, a couple of the programs will leave you with curiously mixed feelings. On one hand, these applications are very technically advanced. But at the same time they're unexpectedly incomplete.

Consider GeoWrite, a first-rate WYSIWYG word processor with a rich assortment of page-publishing features. GeoWrite supports (as do all GeoWorks Ensemble applications) multiple scalable fonts to deliver nearly 800 text sizes (from a tiny 4-point to a billboard-sized 792-point). Its PostScript-like type manager blends bitmap and outline fonts, thereby ensuring that the typeface and font you see on your screen will match the one your printer produces, regardless of whether it's a 9- or 24-pin dot-matrix printer or a PCL-based (Hewlett-compatible) laser printer.

A Pretty Face

In a product packed with innovative technology GeoWrite's WYSIWYG display distinguishes itself. In addition to rendering manual leading (finely varying the spaces between lines) and positive/negative kerning (changing the space allocated to a character without changing its shape), GeoWrite's custom borders, drop shadows, and multiple columns enable you to enhance the appearance of even the most routine documents.

So what's not to like? Well, it's not what GeoWrite includes that's the problem; it's what it's missing: macros, search-and-replace capability, a thesaurus, and a spelling checker. When compared to the advanced bells and whistles GeoWrite offers, these missing features are as basic as toast for breakfast.

Surprisingly, GeoWrite Ensemble also omits a spread-sheet and a database, two essential applications. A company representative, however, said GeoWorks plans to release both applications later this year. Registered purchasers of GeoWorks Ensemble version 1.0 will receive a free upgrade.

More Geology

The rest of Ensemble's built-in applications will fulfill reasonable expectations and needs.

As the centralized rendezvous for all Professional applications, GeoManager's primary mission is to shield novices and occasional users from DOS's jargon; it does that well while providing full functionality via pull-down menus.

Within GeoManager, disk directories are depicted graphically as folders. Folders, in turn, contain subdirectories or files or both. Drive icons streamline switching to other system drives and displaying their files. By default, a drive's contents will display graphically, or you can change it to text listing (much like a standard DOS display).

GeoDraw's eight tools enable you to create geometric primitives (ellipses, boxes, lines, and polygons) as well as text. GeoDraw imports and exports PCX and TIF images and can transfer them to GeoWrite. Since GEOS (and therefore all of its applications) is object oriented, fusing and separating image components are quick and easily mastered. Likewise, when you use GEOS's font manager, GeoDraw's text and drawings print out beautifully, even on a 9-pin dot-matrix printer. You can also print text in solid colors, reverse, several vector patterns, and increasingly translucent half tones, as well as at any angle.

Keeping Track

GeoDex is similar to the address book available under the Appliance icon except that it offers such additional features as text searching and multiple-viewing modes.

GeoPlanner tracks your appointments by organizing and searching through multiple daily, weekly, monthly, or annual events. Alarms alert you to appointments.

GeoComm delivers the requisite telecommunications features. The dedicated access software for America OnLine, a subset of GeoComm, adheres to the GEOS graphic interface, so the feel and flavor of the geographical display remain consistent throughout your online time.

Seamless America

From my meanderings through its Teflon terrain, I would say that America OnLine holds promise as a lowcost, easy-to-use source of information and entertainment. For example, America OnLine's People to People forum invites you to drop in anytime and participate in its forever ongoing discussions. Also, peruse America OnLine's numerous high-quality entertainment, productivity, and utility downloads.

Unquestionably, GEOS faces a long uphill climb. Still, tiny GeoWorks is off to an astonishingly good start and running strong. Now that reminds me of another story I heard as a child. This one's about a mouse that roared.

Source: http://www.atarimagazines.com/compute/issue128/30_GeoWorks_Ensemble_t.php

nd32bootscreen

And here's another screenshot gallery from our friends at GUIdebook.com showing off NewDeal Office.  What's nice is they spend some time focusing on the "Industry Standard" interface which is similar in look and feel to the Windows 95, Start menu interface.

Originally NewDeal had acquired the rights to GeoWorks Ensemble with the goal of expanding GeoWorks presence in the educational market, much like our friends at Breadbox Computer are doing today.  So first there was GEOS for Commodore, then GEOS for the Apple II, GeoWorks, NewDeal and now Breadbox Ensemble is carrying on the GEOS legacy today.

Source: http://www.guidebookgallery.org/screenshots/ndo3e

nintendo

In this video from our friends at the Youtube.com channel Retrocomputing, see GEOS running through an emulator on the Nintendo DS handheld computer!

Source: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DuKIHP88GVQ

nd32oldui

From OSNews.com

It is always an honour to interview people who have served and worked on operating systems at the "golden" times of the operating systems, the 80s and pre-Win9x days. Today we interview Adam de Boor, who was the CTO at GeoWorks, developers of the GEOS, in the begining of the last decade. Adam today works for OpenWave Systems. We discuss about GeoWorks, its past, its future, where it should have been.

The development of GEOS was a great time in my life. Just out of college, working 40 hour days (all-nighters a few times a month). We thought we were doing something great for the world. There were 16 million older model PCs out there that couldn't run Windows 2.x (and certainly weren't going to run Windows 3.0), and we were going to bring the ease of use of the Mac to all of them.

I still think the Ensemble applications are world class. Easier to use than many of the apps out there. When I was creating our wedding invitations, we were printing them on an orange vellum, and my wife insisted the text be in brown ink. Even today, you cannot get Microsoft Word to put your text in brown. But I could in GeoWrite.

With the various things Breadbox has added to Ensemble over the years, to interoperate with the Microsoft Office apps, have a good browser, etc., you've got a good application suite that still lets you interact with the rest of the world. I've not tried it recently, but I'd be surprised if the installation required more than 50Mb of disk space, and it still runs blazingly fast on 386 and 486 machines that folks still have running.

So there are a number of niches into which it can fit, largely having to do with education (which is usually underfunded), and programs in so-called developing nations, where refurbished older-model PC's are starting to find their way.

Source: http://www.osnews.com/story/1864/Interview_With_Adam_de_Boor_ex-CTO_of_GeoWorks]Interview With Adam de Boor, ex-CTO of GeoWorks

thumbgeos

GEOS managed to offer nearly all the functionality of the original Mac in a 1 MHz computer with 64 Kilobytes of RAM. It wasn't an OS written to run on a generic x86 chip on a moving hardware platform. It was written using immense knowledge of the hardware and the tricks one could use to maximise speed.

The Graphical Environment Operating System was released in 1986, created by Berkeley Softworks, a small company start-up by serial entrepreneur Brian Dougherty. GEOS is a classic Mac like GUI running on Commodore 64 / 128 hardware, then later the Apple II, and PC.

At its peak, GEOS was the second most widely used GUI, next to Mac OS, and the third most popular operating system (by units shipped) next to MS-DOS and Mac OS.

In this article by Kroc Camen from our friends at OSNews.com, Kroc takes us through the complete lifecycle of GEOS...from the Commodore 64, through AppleGEOS, through PC/GEOS and up to modern day Breadbox Ensemble.

To see Kroc Camen's original article which goes into much more depth about GEOS click the second link which will take you to his site and the article as originally drafted.

Sources:

http://www.osnews.com/story/15223/GEOS_The_Graphical_Environment_Operating_System

http://camendesign.com/blog/geos

Here's a good but brief review of FreeDOS over at OSNews.com. The take away, DOS is not dead! And for all you PC/GEOS, NewDeal Office and Breadbox Ensemble users, know that these versions of PC/GEOS run on FreeDOS as well. Since publication of this review note that FreeDOS has reached the 1.0 production ready version of the software. Also, if you decide to install FreeDOS, take a few moments to investigate the GEM graphical user interface and the Seal graphical user interface. I think you'll agree that PC/GEOS blows either of these GUIs away!

FreeDOS_9_Review

Source: OSNews.com

Article: FreeDOS 9 Review

cpu

Older versions of PC/GEOS (GeoWorks, NewDeal and prior versions of Breadbox Ensemble) have had complications in the past running on fast PCs. Breadbox has announce a fix with the release of Breadbox 4.13 and the fix is also available for download for prior versions as well.

Fast CPU bug fix
Author: Falk Rehwagen

Details: This file fixes the problem on most computers of running Breadbox Ensemble directly under Windows XP/Vista and other OSs on computers with fast CPUs (usually 1 Ghz or faster). All other Breadbox recommendations to change and/or modify other settings to run Ensemble under WinXP still apply. Please see the link to the applicable document for instructions, tips and tricks.

Download and replace the existing GEOS.GEO file found in the Ensemble/System folder. As a precaution we recommend you save the original GEOS.GEO file by placing it somewhere safe, like in your Document folder. Please note, you cannot replace the file while Ensemble is open. You can only replace the file from Windows. Also, as previously noted, all other Breadbox recommendations to change and/or modify other settings to run Ensemble under WinXP still apply. Please see the link to the applicable document for instructions, tips and tricks.

Source: Breadbox Computer Company

Article: Fast CPU bug fix

Download: GEOS.GEO.ZIP

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